One beneficial therapeutic strategy explored in ROP and PDR is the modulation of the antioxidant pathway, Keap1/Nrf2, which regulates the expression of phase II antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), as well as enzymes involved in glutathione biosynthesis, among others [22,[25], [26], [27],63]. Here, HMOX1 is linked to retinopathy of prematurity.