CASP3 and congenital rubella syndrome: Figure 7a demonstrates representative western blots. A significant increase is observed in protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, which is regarded as a key component of the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathway in the CRS-control group compared with the sham one (p<0.001). However, daily GO treatments diminished the level of cleaved caspase-3 in the testis tissue at a dosage of 100 mg/kg (p<0.01) (Figure 7b).