Researcher showed that 93% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases are plectin-1 positive, and the specificity and sensitivity of plectin-1 in distinguishing malignant from benign lesions are 83% and 84%.A study reported a two-mode nanoparticle targeting plectin-1 (Plectin-SPION-Cy7).45 Both in vitro and in vivo data showed that nanoparticles targeting plectin-1 were highly accumulated in cancer cells/tissues but not in non-cancer cells/tissues. This evidence concerns the gene PLEC and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.