Univariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards analysis and log-rank tests (> median vs. ≤ median) revealed that serum CCL17 levels exhibited the most significant associations with mortality in patients with non-IPF-ILD (> median [= 418 pg/mL] vs. ≤ median; HR 3.70; 95% CI 1.19–11.49; P = 0.015 by log-rank test) (Fig. 3C and D). The gene discussed is CCL17; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.