We also investigated the impact of VgrG2 on the mTOR signaling pathway by examining the transcription levels of key genes, including mTOR, ULK1, Beclin-1, P62, LC3, Atg3, Atg5, and Atg12, following infection, and assessed the expression of the autophagy marker protein LC3-II. The gene discussed is MAP1LC3A; the disease is infection.