This is substantiated by the elevated gene expression of NLRP3, ASC, and CASP1, as well as the increased protein levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, and cleaved IL-1β in peripheral blood mononuclear cells sampled from PD patients, compared to healthy, age-matched controls (Fan et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and Parkinson disease.