CD274 and cancer: Groups 2 and 3 present potential candidates for treating immune-related diseases or disorders like hyperinflammatory syndrome in viral infections (such as in COVID-19), GVHD, and cancer, where the recruitment of cytotoxic T cells is pivotal, and PD-L1 overexpression enhances immunogenicity, warranting the use of anti- PD-L1 therapeutics in combination with identified drugs.