PCSK9: proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; siRNA: small interfering RNA; HeFH: heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia; ASCVD: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; ApoB: apolipoprotein B; Lp(a): lipoprotein(a); UTI: urinary tract infection; ESC: European Society of Cardiology; HoFH: homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia; SAEs: serious adverse events. The gene discussed is PCSK9; the disease is atherosclerosis.