The genotype distributions of INS rs689, PTPN22rs2476601, and CTLA-4 rs231775 SNPs were found to be inagreement with those expected by the HWE in the control group (P ≥0.050).Genotype and allele frequencies of these three SNPs in T1DM patients andcontrols are presented in Table 2. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.