In hepatocyte-specific TGF-β receptor type II-deficient mice, inhibition of TGF-β signaling reduced liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in a MASH model, whereas its activation in steatotic hepatocytes promoted lipid accumulation and cell death through Smad2/3 signaling and ROS production (Yang et al., 2014). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Hepatic steatosis.