AKT1 and lymphoma: The underlying mechanism of CHI3L1-induced lymphocyte proliferation involves multiple signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK] and ERK), TGF-β1/Smad, and Akt (34).Based on the above analysis, CHI3L1 may affect the development and progression of aggressive lymphoma by regulating key biological processes, such as the inflammatory response, apoptosis, signal transduction, and extracellular matrix remodeling; its association with multiple key signaling pathways suggests that CHI3L1 has potential as a therapeutic target.