BRAF and Marfan syndrome: Notably, the incidence of whole-genome doubling in MFS was lower than that in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, indicating a relatively reduced genomic complexity in MFS.[33] Additionally, other driver genes have been identified, including ATRX, JAK1, NF1, NTRK1, and BRAF fusion genes.[34] Because of mutations in these genes, MFS is refractory to cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy.