Astilbin activates the NRF2/HO-1 pathway, inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κ B pathway, reducing myocardial electrical remodeling, and promoting the expression of gap junction protein and ion channels, thereby decreasing susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation.[64] Crocetin, a natural compound, exhibits anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties in the context of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.[65] It mitigates the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 mRNA by modulating the p65/Keap1 signaling pathway and activating the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is ventricular fibrillation.