MTOR and Parkinson disease: The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may be affected to varying degrees in the brains of PD patients, and autopsy results of PD patients have revealed decreased activity of phosphorylated AKT in dopaminergic neurons; however, some studies have suggested that autophagy in the course of PD may be independent of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway leading to neuronal damage (Mancuso and Navarro, 2015), and further research is needed to determine whether autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of PD by affecting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.