Other studies have found that ginsenoside Rk1 can inhibit the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo, regulate the secretion of various proinflammatory cytokines, alleviate ultraviolet-induced inflammatory responses, and improve skin aging caused by ultraviolet radiation (Yannan et al., 2022). Here, AKT1 is linked to skin aging.