TGFB1 and rheumatoid arthritis: As2O3 has a significant anti-angiogenic effect on the synovium of RA-FLS and CIA mice by inhibiting the RA angiogenesis function modules of TSP-1, TGF-β1, CTGF and VEGF, and may have the potential to treat RA other than cancer treatment (Zhang et al., 2017).