In T1D, ROMO1’s performance varied across datasets: the training set (GSE44314) achieved an AUC of 1.000 (95% CI: 1.000–1.000), validation set 1 (GSE19273) reached 0.594 (95% CI: 0.410–0.778), and validation set 2 (GSE33440) showed an AUC of 0.708 (95% CI: 0.442–0.975), suggesting potential but variable diagnostic utility for T1D (Fig. 5C). This evidence concerns the gene ROMO1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.