The restoration of gut microbiota has been shown to inhibit gastric cancer progression by regulating pyroptosis.112,113 Wang et al. have reported that the microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) enhances CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by inducing pyroptosis in tumor cells.89 This suggests that the gut microbiota could influence cancer cell survival and death mechanisms, potentially contributing to the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis (Figure 2). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.