When delving further into the dysregulated transcripts, we found that genes with largely pro-angiogenic roles were downregulated in R5 at 1PD, including Mef2c, Col1a2, Serpinf1 and Pdgfrb. Mef2c has been associated with neovascularisation in oxygen-induced retinopathy116, whereas Pdgfrb has been associated with BRB breakdown in models of Alzheimer’s disease and diabetic retinopathy117,118. Here, SERPINF1 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.