CHEK2 and breast cancer: Additionally, prior studies have demonstrated the utility of PRS in refining risk estimates for women with PVs in genes with moderate penetrance such as CHEK2. 27,28,29 Compared with clinical management for women carrying PVs in BRCA1 and BRCA2, clinical management for women carrying PVs in other breast cancer genes is less standardized; thus, consideration of this information in conjunction with PRS and epidemiologic risk factors can provide more tailored guidance on how to personalize screening and prevention.