This significant deficiency was further highlighted by the comparison of absolute serum levels between MM and ZZ patients, where MM patients exhibited notably higher mean serum AAT levels at 164.83 mg/dL [SD: 61.09] compared to ZZ patients at 29.06 mg/dL [SD: 8.57] (p < 0.001) (Figure 2B). Here, SERPINA1 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.