Importantly, Ad[CE1A] did not cause any significant cell death in pre-malignant CD138+ HD cells (Fig. 2d.i, Supplementary Fig. 4a.i) or in any CD138- population from myeloma, MGUS and HD patients (Fig. 2d.ii, Supplementary Fig. 4a.ii). This evidence concerns the gene SDC1 and plasma cell myeloma.