We again observed a significant increase to the VLA-4Hi fraction amid CD8+ T cells, as well as to weight-adjusted VLA-4Hi CD8+ T cell counts in brain tumor tissue compared with all other compartments, as well as to brain from sham controls (fractions in Figure 5C, comparisons in Figure 5D, ****P < 0.0001, weight adjusted counts vs sham controls in Supplemental Figure 5B, **P < 0.01). Here, CD8A is linked to brain neoplasm.