The two most common forms of diabetes are Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), previously known as insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset diabetes, which typically manifests in childhood and accounts for approximately 10% of cases, and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), previously referred to as insulin-independent or adult-onset diabetes, which is the more prevalent form, representing about 90% of cases. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.