IL4 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A phase 3 trial in patients with COPD and type 2 inflammation (eosinophils ≥ 300/μL) demonstrated that dupilumab (anti–IL-4/IL-13) significantly reduced the annualized rate of moderate or severe exacerbations and led to greater improvements in lung function (FEV1: +160 mL vs. +77 mL with placebo) and quality of life (SGRQ: −9.7 vs. −6.4).