TNF and ulcer disease: The administration of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid significantly reduced ulcer scores, improved gastric histomorphometry, inhibited H. pylori-induced gastric juice pH elevation, and decreased the expression levels of COX-2, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), iNOS, and TNF-α in H. pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils, protecting the gastric mucosa from H. pylori and the inflammation it causes [59].