Additionally, through machine learning, we identified CASKIN1 and CSTB as novel hub genes linked to synaptic plasticity in MDD genes that were not among the 10 MDD-related hub genes selected by Nagy et al. This comparison demonstrates that machine-learning methods can uncover novel insights by analyzing gene expression from a different perspective, providing complementary insights into the molecular mechanisms of MDD. Here, CSTB is linked to major depressive disorder.