FBXO32 and chronic kidney disease: Moreover, ubiquitin ligases primarily associated with muscle tissue, for example, Atrogin-1, also termed F-box gene 1, in conjunction with MuRF-1, alternatively called Muscle RING-finger protein-1, are involved in promoting proteasomal degradation of muscle proteins, especially myofibrillar proteins known as myosin heavy chains, during the progression of CKD [19].