TNF and Nephropathy: The condition of oxidative stress is closely linked to a pro-inflammatory state in the course of kidney damage, as the pro-inflammatory stimulus increases the response of circulating immune cells, and the redox imbalance simultaneously contributes to the increase in the circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29].