NOS3 and Thiamine deficiency: Findings indicate a range of biomarkers—such as heme oxygenase (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), nitric oxide endothelial synthase (eNOS), nitric oxide inducible synthase (iNOS), ferritin, and malondialdehyde—increase in cases of thiamine deficiency [61].