As a component of the DNA repair machine and redox-sensitive transcriptional cofactor for NF-κB, HIF-1, and AP-1 [88,89,90,91], APEX1 has a primary role in early embryonic development [92], tissue aging [93], and a wide spectrum of diseases, including cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Here, APEX1 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.