AGER and diabetic kidney disease: Given the accumulating evidence to show that blockade of the AGE-RAGE-oxidative stress axis could inhibit the development and progression of experimental diabetic nephropathy by attenuating inflammatory and fibrotic reactions in the diabetic kidneys [26,34,37,38,39,40,41], our present study suggests that apixaban could inhibit renal damage in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats partly by suppressing the AGE-RAGE-mediated NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide generation in the kidneys.