The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), among the first driver oncogenes identified in NSCLC, appears to be commonly altered in non-smoker patients with lung adenocarcinoma and represents a predictive biomarker for targeted therapy with EGFR-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) [7,8]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung adenocarcinoma.