In certain situations, such as when the lipid droplet (LD)-MS4A7-NLRP3 inflammasome axis is activated, TREM2 can promote the induction of TREM2+ macrophages, thereby accelerating hepatic inflammatory responses and fibrosis, and driving the deterioration of NASH (101). The gene discussed is TREM2; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.