NFE2L2 and ulcerative colitis: Previous studies have shown that SANG is a potent antioxidant and exerts anti-inflammatory protection against neuropathic pain in rat model of chronic constriction injury (Li P. et al., 2021) and could protect against dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway (Zhao et al., 2024).