However, some S. enterica strains have been successfully utilized as vaccines (e.g., Ty21a and Vi CPS) (MacLennan et al., 2014) and are also considered a promising vehicle for the delivery of therapeutic proteins for anti-cancer drugs and immunotherapies, with approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (Badie et al., 2021; Aganja et al., 2022). Here, CAD is linked to cancer.