ACE and diabetes mellitus: In a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of nephropathy was 16.7%; younger age-at-onset, longer duration of diabetes, HbA1c, diabetic retinopathy, hypertension, elevated TG, and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) were associated with nephropathy [39].