Zhou et al. further revealed that SIRT3 enhances the activity of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) by deacetylation, thereby regulating the cGAS/STING and NF-κB signaling pathways, maintaining mitochondrial DNA integrity, and thereby inhibiting the progression of pulmonary fibrosis and mitochondrial damage (Zhou et al., 2024). Here, NFKB1 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.