Mutations in the HSPB1 gene encoding Hsp27 are associated with motor neuropathies such as Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease [11] and distal hereditary motor neuropathies [12-14], and overexpression of Hsp27 in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model reduces amyloid-β plaques and improves spatial learning and memory [15]. This evidence concerns the gene HSPB1 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.