The results show that the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl2l2, Casp3, Casp8, and cleaved Casp3 were significantly increased in AP (Fig. 3A); the expression of key proteins of necroptosis, Mlkl, Ripk3, and their phosphorylated proteins, P-Mlkl and P-Ripk3, were significantly upregulated in AP (Fig. 3B); and the expression of key proteins of pyroptosis, Nlrp3, Casp1, Gsdmd as well as cleaved Casp1 and cleaved Gsdmd (Gsdmd-N) all showed significantly elevated status in AP (Fig. 3C). Here, CASP8 is linked to alkaline phosphatase measurement.