In a population-based cohort of 5482 participants, we found that a higher baseline C-terminal FGF23 level was associated with the development of diabetes, independent of age, sex, plasma calcium parathyroid hormone, 25(OH) vitamin D, phosphate, proinsulin and HDL cholesterol, smoking, systolic blood pressure, alcohol use and kidney function [52▪▪]. This evidence concerns the gene FGF23 and diabetes mellitus.