TNF and hemophagocytic syndrome: Recently, FDA approved emapalumab, an IFN-γ antibody, for the treatment of relapsed/refractory HLH based on positive results from a single-arm, open-label phase 2/3 trial (NCT01818492; NCT02069899).461 Furthermore, IFN-γ neutralizing antibodies have been shown to improve survival in mice with LPS-induced sepsis.62 Other promising targets for treatment include IL-18 and TNF antibodies or analogs.