The primary factors implicated in SIRS and CARS encompass various cytokines such as TNF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, MIF, sCD74, HMGB-1, as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-4, IL-10, IL-35, IL-37, TGF-β, and IL-13. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is systemic inflammatory response syndrome.