Counterintuitively, although CD8+T cells and macrophage/DCs were higher in the extra-islet compartments of T1D cases vs non-T1D cases (Figure 1—figure supplement 3), they were not associated with lobular patterning (they were not more abundant in the extra-islet space of lobules with more advanced insulitis; Figure 4C). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and type 1 diabetes mellitus.