The diagnosis of kidney disease may be accomplished either through measuring markers of renal function (ie, surrogates of glomerular filtration rate such as serum creatinine [sCr], urea or symmetric dimethylarginine [SDMA] concentration) or kidney injury (ie, urine kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1], cystatin, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL], etc).6 Markers of renal function are, in general, less sensitive to AKI than markers of injury since renal function must be substantially impaired to see increases in serum markers. This evidence concerns the gene HAVCR1 and acute kidney injury.