IFNG and type 1 diabetes mellitus: For the inflammatory role in T1DM, the synergic action of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and the innate inflammatory cytokines; tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), were suggested to play a role in the inflammation of pancreatic beta cells and consequent induction of specific gene-guided apoptosis of beta cells (12).