EBAG9 and female infertility: While we found no genome-wide signature of directional selection against infertility (Supplementary Note), we observed extreme SDSs (in the highest 99.75th percentile of SNPs within 10 kb of a GWAS catalog variant) at the EBAG9 locus associated with female infertility, indicating recent positive selection (Fig. 5 and Supplementary Table 7).