Although those with a larger range of invasion, incomplete resection, and negative GH and PRL immunohistochemistry were still more likely to experience recurrence in the validation set, there was no statistical significance between the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group in terms of tumor invasion site (P = 0.194), tumor resection range (P<0.073), immunohistochemical GH positivity (P = 0.228), and immunohistochemical PRL positivity (P = 0.17). Here, PRL is linked to neoplasm.