NCF4 and arthritic joint disease: In a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model on a C57BL/10 background [76], the authors observed that a mutation in the lipid endosomal membrane binding site (R58A) of the NCF4 subunit resulted in reduced intracellular ROS production in B cells after stimulation, increased severity of arthritis symptoms, with enhanced plasma cell formation, and increased antibody production.