Seung Geun Yeo et al. analyzed peritoneal effusions from 40 patients with endometriosis and 40 controls, focusing on Toll-like receptors (TLR-1, -2, -4, -5, and -9), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domains (NOD-1 and -2), interleukins (IL-1β, -6, -8, -10, and -12), interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, CA 125, iNOS, eNOS, and immunoglobulins (Igs). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is endometriosis.