Additionally, neutrophil chemokine CXCL8, interferon-regulated transcription factor IRF7, interferon-induced dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme OAS1, protein kinase N1 (PKN1), and TNF, which are essential for host defense and inflammation, TRPV2 and GSDMD play important roles in protecting the host from the infection of pathogens and signaling of danger (Figures 4b,f). Here, TNF is linked to infection.